1. Common-emitter biasing

bjt beta test
Figure 1. The “but it works on paper!” circuit

Consider Figure 1, set VCC = 10 V and find the conditions where the collector’s DC voltage is at mid-supply (e.g. 5 V).

List out the unknown quantities in this circuit first, then click
  • RC

  • RB

  • β

  • VBE (or IS and VT)

  • also keep VCC symbolic

  • Use (symbolic) circuit analysis to find VC,

  • then fix a few numbers (VCC = 10 V, β = 100, and IC = 0.893 mA) and solve for the resistor values.[1]

  • Solve for how VC changes when β varies over the range 15—​450 with these resistor values.


VC =

2. Setting DC bias conditions

There are several common ways to get the DC bias conditions setup so that the transistor “idles” in the middle of the forward-active mode range. They all have various advantages and disadvantages.

https://www.allaboutcircuits.com/textbook/semiconductors/chpt-4/biasing-calculations/

Discussion of several biasing schemes and their circuit equations.

2.1. Sony XDR F1HD audio amplifier

Sony_XDR-F1HD_audio-amp.pdf is a color version showing the Service Manual's expected DC node voltages.

2.2. Base divider

bias stability lab2a
Figure 2. Bias circuit schematics

1. Why the wacky current value? → because the resistor is a standard E12 value of 5.6 kΩ